The University of New South Wales (UNSW Sydney)Sydney, NSWSimilar Jobs
Closing: 18-Jun-2024
Expired
Job Summary
Dates
18-Jun-2024 - Closing Date
Responsibilities
The Cyber Security Solution Architect will provide subject matter expertise and support the secure design and delivery of systems and capabilities from conceptualisation through to operations for the RDE Program.
Develop secure practices, security architectures, and roadmaps aligned with the University’s overall business and technology strategy.
Engage with senior stakeholders to design seamless experience across the entire research lifecycle.
Support policy development, align requirements, and ensure secure, sustainable, and cost-effective solutions.
Grasp global security threats, contemporary technologies, and risk management expertise to embed security as an enabler.
Requirements
A tertiary qualification in a relevant field and a minimum of ten years’ experience in Cyber Security, with at least five years in a security architecture role.
Extensive experience in shaping and driving the security design and deployment of major cyber security transformation programs.
Relevant industry certification(s) highly desired.
Strong understanding of information security, risk management, governance, business continuity management, and resiliency issues impacting large organizations.
Benefits
Flexible hybrid working opportunities.
Additional 3 days of leave over the Christmas Period.
Access to lifelong learning and career development.
Progressive HR practices.
Discounts and entitlements.
Notes
12 months fixed term contract role within UNSW IT.
The Postdoctoral Research Fellow (PDR) role is to be employed as part of the newly awarded ARC Discovery grant (that is titled “Preventing Exfiltration of Sensitive Data by Malicious Insiders or Malwares”). The Postdoctoral Research Fellow takes the major responsibility to design, implement, and test the new methods for data exfiltration, and mentoring higher degree research candidates.
Requirements
Extensive research and/or industry experience in cybersecurity, preferably around malware detection.
Extensive experience in large-scale systems design, implementation, and testing.
Emerging track record and recognition for quality research outputs in the areas of cybersecurity, development of new research initiatives, competitive research funding, and industry links.
A strong work ethic, and the ability to work well independently, and as a member of a broader team, including with industrial partners.
Demonstrated ability to mentor and/or supervise higher-degree research candidates.
Excellent interpersonal and communications skills appropriate for interacting with higher degree by research candidates, staff and industry, together with a strong commitment to teamwork and multidisciplinary collaboration.
Benefits
Full-time, fixed term (3 years) position available.
Notes
Appointment to this position is subject to passing a Working with Children Check and other checks as required by the specific role. Maintaining a valid Working With Children Check is a condition of employment at RMIT.
Develop and maintain a robust business resilience and critical incident management framework tailored to the unique needs and risks of our University.
Lead the identification, assessment, and prioritisation of critical business functions and associated risks.
Collaborate closely with cross-functional teams to ensure alignment and coordination in both the establishment of a business resilience framework and plans for the university and incident response efforts.
Establish clear protocols and escalation procedures for responding to critical incidents, including but not limited to natural disasters, cyber-attacks, supply chain disruptions, and other emergencies.
Ensure strategic response is undertaken in conjunction to operational first line response to an emergency or adverse event, including crisis assessment, communications and recovery strategy.
Lead and coordinate with business units to review and maintain disaster recovery practices and documentation for enterprise critical services, applications, and infrastructure (both digital and physical).
Stay abreast of emerging threats, industry best practices, and regulatory requirements related to business resilience and critical incident management.
Requirements
Significant experience in a similar business resilience leadership role (including implementation of framework, strategies and managing business resilience related risks) within a complex tertiary institution or similar.
Proven expertise in the management of significant human and material resources
High level interpersonal, cross cultural and verbal communication skills with the ability to negotiate effectively and work through challenges with other staff, external clients, students and other stakeholders.
Significant leadership experience supporting and advising senior executive teams in strategic planning, business continuity and/or risk management with proven planning, organisational and analytical skills.
Demonstrated ability to work independently in an ambiguous environment, to prioritise work demands, to respond to urgent requests when required and to manage confidential and sensitive material.
Benefits
Flexible working
Discounts in private health insurance and gym memberships
Salary packaging
Notes
Job Identification: 13874
Job Schedule: Full time
This position reports to the Chief Information & Security Officer (CISO).
Continuing position at a HEP 10 classification
Working 36.75 hours per week.
Application Closing Date: Sunday 16 June 2024 at 11:59pm
Provide a high standard of teaching and learning and educational design and delivery primarily in the area of Information Technology with a focus on cybersecurity online and at SCU’s domestic and international campuses as required.
Contribute to the advancement of the Faculty through research publications, industry projects, and successful grant applications.
Engage with the community and industry to enhance the University and Faculty's reputation and priorities.
Requirements
Hold a PhD in Information Technology/Computer Science or equivalent.
Demonstrated experience of teaching in a university setting, including online delivery.
An emerging track record in research and industry engagement.
Strong interpersonal skills with the ability to collaborate effectively in a team and communicate proficiently with diverse stakeholders.
Capability to engage with the regional community and communicate with various external and internal stakeholders.
Ability and willingness to undertake domestic and international travel as required.
Benefits
Flexible work arrangements, including hybrid work models.
Generous parental and carer’s leave provisions.
Wellbeing initiatives and employee assistance programs.
Professional learning opportunities.
Notes
Full-time, continuing (permanent) position.
Generous relocation support available.
Academic Level B.
Base salary ranges from $105,344 - $124,585 per annum, plus 17% employer’s contribution to superannuation.
The University of New South Wales (UNSW Sydney)Kensington, Sydney, NSWSimilar Jobs
Closing: 01-Sep-2024
Expired
Job Summary
Dates
Opening Date: 27-Jul-2024
Closing Date: 01-Sep-2024
Location
Kensington, Sydney, NSW
Salary
Daily rate contract role, 12 months initially
Responsibilities
Responsible for the development of detailed business requirements for the implementation of cyber security solutions that will aid the delivery of program objectives.
Drive the development of functional and non-functional requirements in collaboration with relevant technical and non-technical stakeholders and ensure that requirements are clearly communicated in technical terms amongst stakeholders.
Develop business requirements document, functional requirements document, technical requirements document, service management plan and standard operating procedures.
Investigation of operational requirements, problems, and opportunities, seeking effective business solutions through improvements in automated and/or process change.
Support procurement, design, development, implementation, testing and acceptance activities to ensure successful delivery of cyber security solutions in scope of program.
Developing, maintaining and managing relationships and communications with senior stakeholders, meeting challenges with confidence, and dealing with frequently conflicting and/or competing objectives and drivers of stakeholders.
Develop and oversee the design of Identity Governance and Administration (IGA) solutions, from conceptual, logical, and physical design to meet business and technical requirements leveraging architecture patterns and following development processes.
Work closely with Cyber Security Operations and Identity Management, Infrastructure Operations and Vendors to implement Technical Solutions.
Align with and actively demonstrate the UNSW Values in Action: Our Behaviours and the UNSW Code of Conduct.
Cooperate with all health and safety policies and procedures of the university and take all reasonable care to ensure that your actions or omissions do not impact on the health & safety of yourself or others.
Requirements
5 years’ experience in business analysis, business requirements analysis and business process analysis using the appropriate frameworks.
Substantial business analysis experience in following cyber security domains: Identity Governance and Administration, Active Directory & Entra Id, Privileged Access Management, User Access Review and recertification procedures.
Strong understanding of industry-wide security standards and compliance frameworks such as ISO/IEC 27001, NIST, PCI DSS, HIPAA, GDPR etc.
Knowledge of Identity Management frameworks including life cycle management, access management, governance, and reporting.
Experience in Identity Management solutions, enhancing custom connectors and workflows for IAM products and implementing Identity Governance and Administration (IGA).
Comprehensive analytical and problem-solving skills and proven capacity to exercise initiative, flexibility and to be proactive in development of robust solutions to problems.
Advanced written and verbal communication skills, with a high level of attention to detail for deliverables produced, with the ability to handle high demand situations with management and key stakeholders.
Demonstrated success working effectively and collaboratively on initiatives with a range of people at different levels within an organisation.
Excellent time management skills, with a demonstrated ability to respond to changing priorities, manage multiple tasks and meet competing deadlines by using judgement and initiative.
Knowledge of health and safety responsibilities and commitment to attending relevant health and safety training.
Experience in the University / Higher Education sector desirable.
Benefits
Not Available
Notes
To Apply: If this is of interest to you, please submit your CV, Cover Letter and responses to the Skills and Experience outlined in the position description.
More Information: please see the Position Description or visit the UNSW jobs website.
Contact: Jen MacLachlan, email: j.maclachlan@unsw.edu.au
UNSW is committed to equity diversity and inclusion. Applications from women, people of culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds, those living with disabilities, members of the LGBTIQ+ community; and people of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander descent, are encouraged. UNSW provides workplace adjustments for people with disability, and access to flexible work options for eligible staff.
The University reserves the right not to proceed with any appointment.
Victoria UniversityFootscray Park, AustraliaSimilar Jobs
Closing: 30-Sep-2024
Expired
Job Summary
Dates
Opening Date: 27-Aug-2024
Closing Date: 30-Sep-2024
Location
Footscray Park, Australia
Salary
$132,932 per annum plus 17% employer superannuation
Responsibilities
Overseeing critical incident response and management.
Developing and implementing comprehensive strategies, protocols, and frameworks to address and mitigate potential threats and disruptions within the University.
Requirements
Substantial experience in business resilience or risk management, ideally within a higher education environment.
Proven leadership skills and exceptional communication abilities.
Strong aptitude for managing resources and navigating complex challenges.
Ability to work independently and handle sensitive information with discretion.
High level of expertise in the field.
Benefits
Family friendly, diverse and inclusive workplace.
Range of benefits and leave to enhance work and personal life.
Flexible working options.
Discounts in private health insurance and gym memberships.
Salary packaging options.
Notes
For specific queries related to the role, please contact Maria Nguyen by email at maria.nguyen@vu.edu.au.
Application must include a cover letter, resume, and a statement addressing the Key Selection Criteria.
Macquarie University (Sydney, Australia)Wallumattagal Campus, North RydeSimilar Jobs
Closing: 16-Sep-2024
Expired
Job Summary
Dates
Opening Date: 10-Sep-2024
Closing Date: 16-Sep-2024
Location
Wallumattagal Campus, North Ryde
Salary
From $108,391 to $117,519 gross per annum (HEW Level 7), plus 17% employer's superannuation and annual leave loading.
Responsibilities
Manage first and second level cyber security incident response activities, including understanding the root cause of an incident to investigate and provide effective resolutions, in line with MQ Cyber Security incident response processes, escalating as required.
Manage penetration testing and auditing using commonly known tools and techniques as well as build scripts to identify weaknesses within the MQ IT environment, analyse and interpret the output to make recommendations for continuous improvement.
Provide support to the CISO with conducting reviews, analysis and documentation of architecture and design documents from MQ IT to investigate and address security concerns with stakeholders.
Partner with stakeholders to understand and resolve cyber security concerns, ensuring the gathering of facts and information from relevant sources to appropriately diagnose issues and present resolutions.
Prepare documents, reports, presentations for the CISO, including providing support with senior management, Council and committees reporting.
Provide cyber security knowledge and expertise to support projects across the University and entities to ensure compliance with industry and MQ IT security standards.
Coordinate, support and contribute to continuous improvement of MQ IT security systems and processes.
Build and maintain effective relationships with internal and external stakeholders, including the ability to communicate effectively with a wide range of audiences with various levels of understanding of cyber security.
Requirements
Experience in investigating and identifying the root cause of cyber security incidents.
Experience managing penetration testing into systems and web applications.
Excellent coding skills across multiple coding languages.
Ability to communicate effectively with a wide range of audiences and translate technical jargon into simple terms.
Experience with managing cyber security incident response activities and identifying the root cause for appropriate remediation.
Experience writing code in various scripting and programming languages, e.g. Bash, Powershell, Python.
Demonstrated experience with penetration testing and using auditing tools, e.g. NMAP, Cloud auditing tools, Nikto, Dirbuster, Nuclei, Netcat, DNS interrogation tools, Tenable io, Burpsuite.
Experience of cloud environments and managing security incidents in hybrid clouds.
Excellent interpersonal and communications skills (written and verbal).
Tertiary qualification or certificate in IT or relevant discipline (desirable).
Benefits
17% employer's superannuation and annual leave loading.
Hybrid working arrangement.
Opportunity to work in a highly specialised and busy role.
Notes
This position requires a criminal record check. AGSVA security clearance may be required.
General Enquiries: Orlagh Morgan, HR Administrator via orlagh.morgan@mq.edu.au.
The University of MelbourneParkville, Victoria, AustraliaSimilar Jobs
Closing: 12-Sep-2024
Expired
Job Summary
Dates
Opening Date: 15-Aug-2024
Closing Date: 12-Sep-2024
Location
Parkville, Victoria, Australia
Salary
UOM 10 – $149,670 p.a. plus 17% super
Responsibilities
Lead cybersecurity efforts for the Australian BioCommons, ensuring the secure protection of sensitive data in biomedical and environmental research.
Drive impactful cybersecurity initiatives, working with a diverse national team and cutting-edge technologies to secure vital health and environmental data platforms.
Develop and define incident response procedures, working with developers and technical teams on their implementation.
Inform and influence code development processes, system design and cloud architecture and CI/CD deployment pipelines.
Collaborate closely with the technical team on security operations, and ensure adherence to procedures.
Make recommendations on AWS cloud deployment and architectures to align and comply with the required quality and security frameworks.
Requirements
A related Bachelor degree or equivalent TAFE certification (Information Technology, Cyber Security etc) OR minimum 5 years experience working in Cyber Security.
Hands-on experience in design and operating various security technologies/solutions.
Experiences in designing and implementing required security controls in hybrid environments to align with industry standards.
Strong communication skills, with the ability to effectively convey complex technical security issues to stakeholders.
Collaborative approach and hands-on experience with security technologies, and a deep understanding of security policies, risk management, and industry standards, including ISO 27001 and HIPAA regulations.
Benefits
Salary packaging
Subsidised health and wellbeing services
Fitness and cultural clubs
Myki discounts
25% discount on graduate courses for staff and their immediate families
Generous leave provisions.
Notes
This role requires that the successful candidate must undergo and maintain an up-to-date Working with Children Check.
Visa sponsorship is not available for this position. This role requires current valid work rights for Australia.
University of TasmaniaStatewide (all locations in Tasmania)Similar Jobs
Closing: 13-Oct-2024
Expired
Job Summary
Dates
Opening Date: 23-Sep-2024
Closing Date: 13-Oct-2024
Location
Statewide (all locations in Tasmania)
Salary
Total remuneration package of up to $126,637 comprising base salary within the range of $98,473 to $108,237 plus 17% superannuation.
Responsibilities
Developing, leading and managing an understanding of and mapping TIA’s research in resilience for the agricultural industry for climate change and the abatement of greenhouse gases.
Leading TIA’s engagement and collaboration with the Tas Farm Innovation Hub, including knowledge brokers, extension program manager and extension officers to develop climate related extension activities.
Creating, developing and leading activities to build TIA’s capabilities in industry development and extension, including their personal capabilities.
Assist both TIA and the Hub in guiding farmers to relevant information and tools, helping translate the knowledge of others to support on-farm adoption and by explaining the benefits of innovation and new technologies to achieve climate resilience.
Collaborating with TIA and the Hub communication teams to co-create and disseminate information about relevant knowledge and identifying appropriate media and communications channels to (e.g., social media, face-to-face events, podcasts).
Engaging and partnering with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples and ensuring an understanding of the need for genuine consultation and negotiation.
Requirements
Demonstrated capacity to undertake on-farm and local level extension and adoption activities.
An understanding of strategies to improve farmer and on farm resilience in the context of climate change and mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions.
Ability to liaise, collaborate, negotiate and influence business and industry stakeholders involved in TIA and the Hub’s activities.
Ability to communicate effectively and develop productive relationships with a diverse range of collaborators within the agricultural and/or food processing sector.
Ability to co-operate with others to achieve organisational objectives and to build trust and reciprocity with other teams including those in partner organisations.
Benefits
Not Available
Notes
To be eligible for this position, you are required to have Australian citizenship, permanent residence or a current valid visa that allows you to fulfil the requirements of this role.
The University of New South Wales (UNSW Sydney)UNSW Kensington Campus, Sydney, NSWSimilar Jobs
Closing: 08-Oct-2024
Expired
Job Summary
Dates
Opening Date: 25-Sep-2024
Closing Date: 08-Oct-2024
Location
UNSW Kensington Campus, Sydney, NSW
Salary
Starting Salary $110,073 plus generous superannuation
Responsibilities
Support the maintenance and operational delivery of cyber security controls assurance services designed to assess whether minimum defensible and enhanced controls are operating effectively and consistently.
Conduct regular reviews, audits and assessments to evaluate the design and operational effectiveness of internal cyber security controls defined in scope of controls assurance.
Ensure controls effectiveness tests are performed, such as vulnerability scanning, penetration testing, and control testing, etc., to validate the effectiveness of controls.
Identify and analyse potential vulnerabilities, threats, and risks to UNSW's assets and determine if the controls are in place to adequately address them.
Engage with key stakeholders in responding to queries associated with controls stipulated in Cyber Security Standard.
Ensure the registration (on Cyber Security GRC platform) of the risks identified from controls assurance activities.
Ensure that the identified risks, threats, and control effectiveness ratings are entered into UNSW’s Cyber Security TRA (Threat and Risk Assessment) platform.
Support the reporting of assurance to management and stakeholders that the implemented controls are appropriately designed, implemented, and operating effectively to protect UNSW's information assets.
Administer, and support the operational delivery of metrics reporting using metrics dashboard.
Maintain accurate records of control assessments, findings, and remediation actions.
Any other duties commensurate with this position and as required by the Cyber Security Assurance Manager.
Align with and actively demonstrate the UNSW Values in Action: Our Behaviours and the UNSW Code of Conduct.
Cooperate with all health and safety policies and procedures of the university and take all reasonable care to ensure that your actions or omissions do not impact on the health and safety of yourself or others.
Requirements
A relevant tertiary qualification with subsequent relevant experience or an equivalent level of knowledge gained through any other combination of education, training and/or experience.
A minimum of 1-3 years of experience in cyber security governance, compliance, risk management or cyber security operations within major organisations.
Foundational understanding of control assurance testing/auditing/identity and access management principles and knowledge of cybersecurity principles and practices.
Knowledge of industry-wide security standards and compliance frameworks such as ISO/IEC 27001, NIST CSF, COBIT 5 etc.
Relevant industry certification(s) such as CSX, CRISC, ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Implementer/Auditor, AWS, Google, Microsoft Technology (highly desirable).
Ability to present with credibility and translate technical and complex information concisely for diverse audiences using strong analytical and problem-solving skills.
Strong negotiation and influencing skills to effectively manage key stakeholders, build robust relationships and work with a diverse set of business and technology people across the university and third-party vendors.
Demonstrated high level of personal motivation, resilience, and ability to work effectively individually or in teams.
An understanding of and commitment to UNSW’s aims, objectives and values in action, together with relevant policies and guidelines.
Knowledge of health and safety responsibilities and commitment to attending relevant health and safety training.
Benefits
Flexible hybrid working
Additional 3 days of leave over the Christmas Period
Access to lifelong learning and career development
Progressive HR practices
Discounts and entitlements
Notes
The University reserves the right not to proceed with any appointment.
The University of New South Wales (UNSW Sydney)Kensington, Sydney, NSWSimilar Jobs
Closing: 14-Oct-2024
Expired
Job Summary
Dates
Opening Date: 01-Oct-2024
Closing Date: 14-Oct-2024
Location
Kensington, Sydney, NSW
Salary
Daily rate contract, 8 months
Responsibilities
Support and implement IAM strategies, policies, and standards to align with business objectives and regulatory requirements.
Review IAM Policies and Standards that define the rules, requirements, and best practices for managing identities, access controls, authentication, authorization, and other IAM-related processes.
Lead the technical implementation of IAM solutions, ensuring seamless integration with existing systems and platforms. Identify security design gaps/ flaws in proposed architectures and recommend changes or enhancements.
Lead IAM-related projects from inception to completion, ensuring timely delivery and alignment with project goals.
Collaborate with cross-functional teams to ensure IAM solutions are aligned with enterprise architecture, security standards and business processes.
Serve as a subject matter expert, providing technical guidance and support on IAM-related issues to internal teams and clients.
Provide expertise in integrating IAM solutions with cloud services, enterprise applications, and other security tools.
Manage and optimize IGA processes, including identity lifecycle management, access certification, and entitlement management. Identify opportunities for process improvements and automation within the IAM domain.
Engage with key stakeholders to communicate the benefits of the IAM architectures, plans and in support of delivery of Program objectives.
Manage the development of risk management plans, establishment of risk controls and performance of risk mitigation activities.
Actively participating in Identity Governance and Administration (IGA) solution market scan, production selection, product evaluation process.
Any other duties appropriate to this position as may be required by the Program Director – Cyber Security Enablement.
Align with and actively demonstrate the UNSW Values in Action: Our Behaviours and the UNSW Code of Conduct.
Cooperate with all health and safety policies and procedures of the university and take all reasonable care to ensure that your actions or omissions do not impact on the health and safety of yourself or others.
Requirements
Extensive experience in shaping and driving the security design and deployment of major cyber security transformation programs, including (but not limited to): Identity and Access Management, Identity Governance and Administration, Network segmentation and security, Zero-Trust Security, Hybrid security operations, Cloud security and resilience.
Extensive experience with Identity and Access Management IAM, including: Strategy and roadmap definition, IAM governance principles and structure, IAM policies, standards and architectural principles, Role-based access management and identity governance, Identity data model standardisation, Identity operating model, Access management standards (e.g. SAML, OAuth, SCIM), Trust Models, Privileged access management.
Relevant industry certification(s), e.g. CISSP, CISM, CISA, IAM-specific certifications are highly desired.
Strong analytical and problem-solving skills, ensuring that the underlying problem is understood, and a robust approach / solution is developed.
Strong interpersonal, communication and negotiation skills including the ability to develop effective relationships and influence key stakeholders at all levels in the organisation.
Excellent communication skills, with the ability to handle high demand situations with management and key stakeholders.
Demonstrated ability to lead and influence other senior technical and business stakeholders, without these people being direct reports.
Experience in the University / Higher Education sector desirable.
Benefits
Not Available
Notes
To Apply: If this is of interest to you, please submit your CV, cover letter and responses to criteria.
Contact: Jen MacLachlan, Talent Acquisition, email is j.maclachlan@unsw.edu.au.
UNSW is committed to equity diversity and inclusion. Applications from women, people of culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds, those living with disabilities, members of the LGBTIQ+ community; and people of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander descent, are encouraged.
UNSW provides workplace adjustments for people with disability, and access to flexible work options for eligible staff.
The University reserves the right not to proceed with any appointment.
The University of QueenslandSt Lucia CampusSimilar Jobs
Closing: 20-Oct-2024
Expired
Job Summary
Dates
Opening Date: 05-Oct-2024
Closing Date: 20-Oct-2024
Location
St Lucia Campus
Salary
Base salary will be in the range $162,046 - $178,367 per annum (full time equivalent) + 17% Superannuation (Academic Level D)
Responsibilities
Develop and deliver courses
Engage in curriculum design
Coordinate courses
Assess students
Provide academic counseling
Adhere to university teaching rules
Maintain an active record of producing quality research or scholarship of teaching outputs
Collaborate on teaching and research projects
Utilise best practice teaching and assessment methodologies
Supervise students
Recruit and manage employees
Provide performance feedback and training
Resolve conflicts
Ensure correct remuneration and benefits
Develop partnerships
Demonstrate leadership through mentoring
Engage in internal service roles and committees
Perform administrative functions
Provide support to colleagues
Uphold university values
Requirements
Completion of a PhD in the discipline area
Demonstrated expert knowledge in Cyber Security and Software Engineering
Strong track record of research or industry relevant work specifically in Cyber Security
Demonstrated experience in teaching Cyber Security and Software Engineering courses
Strong evidence of high quality teaching at undergraduate, honours and postgraduate level
Strong track record of course coordination and participation in curriculum design
Demonstrated ability to align student learning with industry needs
Growing record of meaningful internal service roles
Benefits
Access to world-class facilities and equipment
Grant writing support
Greater research funding opportunities
26 weeks of paid parental leave
17.5% annual leave loading
Flexible working arrangements including hybrid on site/WFH options
Flexible start/finish times
Genuine career progression opportunities via the academic promotions process
Notes
The successful candidate may be required to complete pre-employment checks including right to work in Australia, criminal check, education check.
You must maintain unrestricted work rights in Australia for the duration of this appointment to apply. Visa sponsorship is not available for this appointment.
Relocation support package available for those relocating from interstate.